Razavi University of Islamic Sciences Islamic Philosophical Doctrines 2251-9386 16 29 2022 02 20 The Comparative Study of the Critical View of Martyr Motahari and Jürgen Habermas to Positivism The Comparative Study of the Critical View of Martyr Motahari and Jürgen Habermas to Positivism 103 130 1552 10.30513/ipd.2022.2887.1240 FA Muhammad Hussein Jamalzadeh Postgraduate of Islamic Philosophy and Theology, Razavi University of Islamic Sciences, Holy Mashhad Hamed HajiHeidari Department of Sociology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Journal Article 2021 06 03 Positivism as a specific notion to the realm of science and knowledge (ma'rifah) has been criticized by many philosophers. Among this, the critiques of martyr Motahari and Jürgen Habermas to positivism as philosophers with a realistic view in their period have been observed by others and have strengthened the critical approach to positivism in philosophy, humanities and social sciences. In this research with the comparative method, it has been investigated the evaluation of the origin, methods and the prerequisites of these two scholars’ critiques to positivism in three domains: epistemology, methodology and axiology and this result has been achieved: from one side the unification of the realistic opinion of both thinkers to the issue of knowledge has established the commonalities between these two thinkers in their critical views to positivism and the requirements and results of this opinion and from the other side the differentiation in the origin and the way of their critical opinions to positivism causes to emerge differentiation (polarity) between these two attitudes. Even though the critical look of both philosophers is lacking the criticism of positivism from the point of anthropology. Positivism as a specific notion to the realm of science and knowledge (ma'rifah) has been criticized by many philosophers. Among this, the critiques of martyr Motahari and Jürgen Habermas to positivism as philosophers with a realistic view in their period have been observed by others and have strengthened the critical approach to positivism in philosophy, humanities and social sciences. In this research with the comparative method, it has been investigated the evaluation of the origin, methods and the prerequisites of these two scholars’ critiques to positivism in three domains: epistemology, methodology and axiology and this result has been achieved: from one side the unification of the realistic opinion of both thinkers to the issue of knowledge has established the commonalities between these two thinkers in their critical views to positivism and the requirements and results of this opinion and from the other side the differentiation in the origin and the way of their critical opinions to positivism causes to emerge differentiation (polarity) between these two attitudes. Even though the critical look of both philosophers is lacking the criticism of positivism from the point of anthropology. https://ipd.razavi.ac.ir/article_1552_431765a592f8c0ac9b8df58e8d61c6da.pdf