Document Type : Research
Authors
1 Course outside the seminary of Qom, Master of Philosophy of Religion, Baqer al-Uloom University, and PhD student in Hekmat Bartarieh, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
2 Associate Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Wisdom, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Professor, Department of Islamic Philosophy and Wisdom, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
Abstract
The issue of freedom has been and is one of the broad and living issues of all ages, and the quality of the view of its philosophical truth is, on the one hand, dependent on the philosophical foundations of the philosophers, and on the other hand, it is itself dependent on many other individual-social issues. Mulla Sadra and Heidegger are two very influential philosophers, and based on their philosophical foundations, a specific view of freedom is formed. Sadra's fitrat and Heidegger's conscience are considered the most important components of these two philosophers in drawing freedom. In this article, we have analytically addressed the role of fitrat from Mulla Sadra's perspective in realizing freedom and the role of conscience from Heidegger's perspective in realizing freedom, and we have entered into the commonalities and differences of their views in a comparative manner. By comparative examination of Sadra's fitrat and Heidegger's conscience in the areas of essence, origin, destination, and content, regarding its role in realizing freedom, the following results are obtained: although there are commonalities, Heidegger's view has gaps that can be healed by Sadra's system of wisdom. The result of this research is the superiority of Sadr al-Mutalahin's view in these matters: 1) presenting a correct picture of the origin of nature (based on the theory of existence, connection, and manifestation), 2) explaining the (knowledgeable and tendential) properties of nature, 3) presenting a comprehensive picture of the existential dimensions of man (moral and mystical), 4) corresponding levels of human existence ...
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