The Role of Etymological Knowledge in the Philosophical Approach to the Word “Ḥaqq” (Truth, Right, Reality etc.) in the Holy Quran

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Assistant professor at Farhangian University

2 Assistant professor at Yasouj University

3 MA of Qur'an & Hadith Sciences

Abstract

The word ḥaqq (truth, right, reality etc.) is one of the most widely used words in the Holy Quran, which despite its external clarity, its exact meaning requires etymology, and in the Holy Quran, it has been used in more than 30 different meanings. Meanings such as: Allah, the Prophet (pbuh), Quran, Islam, justice, truth, Ka'bah, wealth, ... which indicate the ambiguity of the meaning of this word in the Holy Quran. In this research, using the knowledge of etymology and historical semantics, the relationship between the various uses of this word and the centrality of the lexical principle of “existence” is explained. This new approach to the word ḥaqq (truth, right, reality etc.) can, while confirming some of the philosophers’ interpretations of the word ḥaqq (truth, right, reality etc.), document the principle of the validity of lexical (literal) ijtihad (lit. physical or mental effort, expended in a particular activity) and make the way easier for the philosophical interpretation of many other verses in the Holy Qur'an that philosophers has not held it due to avoid the eisegesis for the lack of lexical basis. It can also have an effect on ranking different topics of existence, in terms of its importance and results.

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