نوع مقاله : علمی پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 دانشجوی دکتری گروه فلسفه و کلام اسلامی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،گرگان، ایران
2 نویسندۀ مسئول، استادیار گروه الهیات و معارف اسلامی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، واحدگرگان، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی،گرگان،ایران
3 استادیار گروه معارف اسلامی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شاهرود،شاهرود،ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
The problem of knowledge attribution in artificial intelligence (AI) lies at the core of debates in both philosophy of mind and emerging cognitive technologies. This paper critiques the foundation of knowledge in AI by revisiting the theory of the unity of the knower and the known in ḥikmat al-mutaʿāliya (Transcendent Philosophy). According to this theory, knowledge is a mode of existence that requires conscious agency, the immateriality of the soul, and the presence of the known to the knower. In contrast, AI systems merely process data without awareness or presence-based perception—a phenomenon John Searle refers to as “syntax without semantics.” Using an analytical-comparative method grounded in Islamic philosophical thought, this study argues that AI lacks an ontological foundation for genuine knowledge, resulting in what may be called pseudo-cognition. This ontological distinction entails significant epistemological and ethical consequences. In particular, since AI systems are devoid of ʿilm ḥuḍūrī (knowledge by presence), they cannot possess intention, volition, or moral responsibility. Consequently, legal-ethical concepts such as qaṣd (intention) and taʿammud (deliberateness), which rely on conscious agency, are inapplicable to non-conscious entities like AI. Thus, human-specific moral and legal judgments cannot be extended to artificial agents.
کلیدواژهها [English]