نوع مقاله : ترویجی
نویسنده
استادیار، گروه الهیات تطبیقی، پژوهشکده الهیات و خانواده، پژوهشگاه علوم و فرهنگ اسلامی، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Unlike attributes such as divine knowledge and will, which have been extensively explored in philosophical and theological studies, the attribute of divine power has received comparatively less attention. The various arguments presented by theologians to affirm this attribute have not been thoroughly examined. This study investigates and compares the views of prominent early Imāmī theologians from the fourth and fifth centuries AH regarding divine power. It demonstrates that the reasoning employed by hadith-based theologians—those aligned with the traditionalist school—differs significantly from the rationalist approaches of the early and later Baghdad schools. Shaykh al-Kulaynī and Shaykh al-Ṣadūq, relying on transmitted reports, argue that divine power, like other essential attributes of God, must be interpreted apophatically (via negativa), meaning that power should be understood as the negation of its opposite. Thus, God's omnipotence signifies His absolute freedom from weakness or incapacity. In contrast, theologians of the Baghdad school offer a cataphatic (positive) interpretation, asserting that divine power implies the possibility of God performing actions and bringing about effects. For these theologians, the only valid method to prove divine power is through reference to God's acts. They employ analogical reasoning (qiyās al-ghāʾib ʿala al-shāhid), inferring the unseen from the seen, to establish God's omnipotence.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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